The state is primarily responsible for education at all levels. Science teaching begins with primary school. The education system is designed to foster both pure and applied science.

Switzerland is one of the world's leading research nations. Many pioneering scientists have worked at Swiss universities, combining teaching with research.

The state also helps finance research and development, in partnership with the private sector. Switzerland spends around 2.6% of its GDP on research - a larger proportion than many other countries do.

However, leading universities and research institutions believe that the government is not putting enough money into research, and have repeatedly warned that Switzerland is in danger of losing its position at the cutting edge of science.